东北三省全面振兴的社会经济支撑能力评估

在解析支撑能力和东北问题特点的基础上,从"创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享"五大理念出发建立全面振兴社会经济支撑能力评价指标体系和综合评价方法,以地级市为单元对东北三省进行评估。研究发现:各地市社会经济支撑能力差异显著,哈大沿线核心城市的支撑能力较强,西翼城市以及朝阳、七台河、绥化、葫芦岛、铁岭、双鸭山和鹤岗等资源型城市支撑能力较弱。因此未来东北地区在振兴政策的区域分布上应有所侧重,对不同地区施以不同的振兴或扶持政策。在创新、绿色、开放方面需要集中力量重点突破,而在体制机制改革和共享服务建设方面需要全面覆盖,并重点加强黑龙江北部和辽宁、吉林西翼城市的共享能力建设。

Assessment of the Social and Economic Support Capacity for the Comprehensive Revitalization of Northeast China

Structural and institutional factors such as lagging industrial transformation and upgrading, inadequate reforming of state-owned enterprise, un-development of private economy, and insufficient scientific and technological innovation capacity are the main limits for the revitalization of the Northeast region of China. At the same time, the complexity and spatial differences of problems facing the comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast China require to formulate revitalization paths and policies for key regional issues and problem areas. Hence, it is necessary to assess the socio-economic support capacity of the comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast region to clear where the place with strong stronger potential for rapid revitalization is, and where the place with weaker capabilities is and which should be focused on. Based on the comprehensive understanding of supporting capacity and the characteristics of the Northeast China, this paper establishes an evaluation index system of the social and economic support capacity of the comprehensive revitalization of three provinces of Northeast China on the prefectural cities-level in the perspective of ‘Five-concepts’, such as innovation, coordination, greenness, openness and sharing.It found that the social and economic support capabilities of different cities are significantly different. The core cities with strong economic and social development bases, such as Dalian, Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin, had higher scores on capabilities of each item. They not only have strong sharing capability, but also have stable social and economic development conditions and innovation. Furthermore, the relatively advanced state-owned enterprise reform and opening up process made them had strong capability on coordination and openness, which is good to attract foreign investment and local cultivation. On the other side, some resource-based cities, such as Chaoyang, Qitaihe, Suihua, Huludao, Tieling, Shuangyashan and Hegang, have weaker sub-sector and total support capability limited by vicious development model of ‘resource depletion-industrial depression-development mode solidification-insecure social security-poor investment and poor innovation-industrial depression’. So, it is important to apply different policies to different regions and different issues according to their spatial characteristics of revitalization supporting capabilities. In terms of innovation, greenness, and openness, it need to focus on key breakthroughs regions and guiding talents and innovative industries to concentrate on core cities such as Shenyang, Dalian, Changchun, and Harbin to improve urban innovation capabilities and external radiation capabilities. As for cities with better ecological environment located on west and east wings of Northeast China, it should vigorously develop ecological and organic industries in order to cultivate local economic growth pole. As for cities on the border areas, it should pay attention to population agglomeration with developing of special agriculture products processing industries, tourism, cross-border industrial cooperation and international trade. In terms of institutional and mechanism reforming and sharing capabilities, it should focus on increasing the scale of policy coverage. The reforms of administrative management mechanism and state-owned enterprises should be deepened with the forwarding of counter cooperation between Northeast cities and Eastern cities. Also, the construction of equalization of basic public services should be emphasized. Especially central government should pay more attention on the social security capacity building of cities in the northern Heilongjiang and the west-wing of Liaoning Province and Jilin Province.