本土产业发展视角下的乡村地方性重构——基于阳美玉器产业的文化经济地理分析

以广东揭阳的玉器生产专业村阳美村为例,从文化经济地理学视角解读本土产业发展中地方性的嵌入与重构。研究发现：本土产业在地方性多方要素的驱动与支撑下产生,在多重尺度政治经济过程作用与地方主体的响应下发展。地方性是本土产业产生并建立对外功能联系的初始条件,也是主体响应结构变动所做战略选择和地方营销的依托。在地方性嵌入产业发展的同时,生产、生活和宗教等地方活动被强化了与玉器生产相关的功能和意义,民居、街巷、宗祠等空间形制因传统功能被挤压而出现重塑。地方活动与景观的变化并未弱化地方意义,村民的地方依赖和依恋因本土产业提供了更好的发展机会与荣誉感而增强。

Placeness Reconstruction Under the Influence of Local Industry: A Cultural Economic Geographical Study of the Jadeware Industry in Yangmei Village

From the perspective of cultural economic geography, industry development and the transformation of place are interacted. As for local industry, its development is rooted in local social and cultural system. Meanwhile, it is connected to regional or global production networks. The interaction between place and structure plays a key role in local industry development, and it provides a proper approach to discuss the transformation of place from the perspective of cultural economic geography. Taking a village specialized in jadeware processing and trade, the Yangmei Village in Jieyang, Guangdong as an example, using the qualitative research methods such as non-participating observation and in-depth interviews, this article analyzes the interaction between the development of local industry and the reconstruction of place, especially how place is embedded in and reconstructed by the development of local industry. Based on a research framework which focuses on the interaction among place, local actions and structure, the study finds that, local jadeware production has generated with the drive and help of different dimensions of local characteristics such as location and historic culture and grown with the changes of multi-scale political and economic patterns and the response of the local actors. In this process, placeness is the initial condition for local industry to come into being and establish external functional contact, and it is also the basis for the strategic choice and local marketing made by local subjects. But meanwhile, local practices such as production behavior of villagers, local social interaction and religious activities have been given the function and significance related to jadeware production. Changes in local activity have been reflected in the reconstruction of rural landscape such as the shape and structure of living space and traditional public space. This has also put impacts on the perception and identity of local villagers. The development of jadeware industry has provided local inhabitants with far more and better employment opportunities than ever before. Local villagers are satisfied with and proud of being in this place, which promotes their place dependence and attachment.