基于网络游记的城市旅游流网络结构演化研究——以北京市为例

采用网络游记文本数据,结合爬虫技术和社会网络分析方法,分析北京市"十二五"和"十三五"时期城市旅游客流网络结构的演变特征。结果表明:①城市旅游流网络结构存在不均衡性,城市历史文化遗产节点的的影响控制能力强,新兴旅游吸引物的集聚能力相对较弱,受不同类型节点的路径依赖效应的影响,这种差异存在动态扩大特征。②城市旅游流网络结构呈现显著的等级分层结构和节点分散分布特征,传统游憩场所是城市旅游流的核心节点,外围发育的旅游节点较分散且规模能级提升空间较大。③城市旅游流拥有显著的赋能效应、倒逼效应和联通效应。

Evolution of Urban Tourism Flow Network Structure Based on Network Travel Notes: A Case Study of Beijing City

Studying the law of urban tourism flow is an important scientific problem to be solved first in the utilization and optimization of urban recreational space. Based on the text of network travel notes, this article combines the crawler technology and social network analysis method, obtains the data of tourist flow in Beijing during the 12th Five-Year Plan and 13th Five-Year Plan, and analyses the evolution characteristics of urban tourist flow network structure. 1) The overall density of Beijing's tourism flow network is low, the network structure is increasing unevenly, and the tourism flow network is obviously controlled by the core tourism nodes. 2) The structure of Beijing's tourism flow network is characterized by central agglomeration and hierarchy. The traditional recreational sites such as Tiananmen, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Badaling Great Wall are still the core tourist nodes of Beijing's tourism flow, and the scale and energy level of the peripheral tourist nodes are greatly improved. 3) The unbalance of tourism flow nodes in different directions of urban development is aggravating, which is greatly influenced by the distribution of urban historical and cultural heritage, and the agglomeration ability of emerging tourism attractions is relatively weak. 4) The rapid development of urban rail transit is reshaping the spatial pattern of urban tourism flow. The demand for new cultural space such as Olympic Sports Center, 798 Art District and Sanlitun is increasing, which makes it develop towards multi-node and multi-region.