开疆文化在海南的地域扩散与整合

在界定海南文化是一种开疆文化的基础上 ,对其地域扩散与整合进行了研究。指出 ,开疆文化在海南岛的传播扩散有别于大陆文化传播中占主流的沿江河、沿平原扩散的模式 ,而呈现出以移民和传染方式为主 ,先西后东 ,先北后南按海拔从沿海向腹部五指山 ,从低到高渐次推延的文化传播特点。此外 ,海南文化的形成 ,实际上是各种形式的开疆文化在海南地域上的一种文化长期作用的结果。即是在黎族文化本底的基础上 ,经历史时期汉、苗、回等民族文化 ,以及近代华侨文化、农垦文化等多种文化长期影响 ,并经相互碰撞、彼此融合等错综复杂的相互作用后 ,在海南这一地域环境下整合生成的一种海岛文化。

Areal Diffusion and Integration of the Frontier Pioneering Culture in Hainan Island

The paper points out that Hainan culture is a kind of frontier pioneering culture, and focuses on its areal diffusion and cultural integration. Frontier pioneering culture is a new form of culture which springs up in pace with the exploitation of frontier areas through joint efforts of dismissed government officials and garrison troops historically and by means of land reclamation in modern times. There are differences between Hainan Island and the mainland in the course of cultural diffusion. In mainland, culture is diffused along the rivers or the plains whereas in Hainan Island altitude is the most important factor that influences the diffusion of culture. Because of cultural dissemination and diffusion, different cultures assimilate, blend or even merge into an organic one, which were called cultural integration or cultural synthesis. The formation of Hainan culture resulted in the integration of various kinds of frontier pioneering cultures in Hainan Island in the long span of history. In other words, Hainan culture is the synthetic outcome of the complicated integration process of national cultures of Han, Miao and Hui nationalities and modern cultures, such as the cultures of overseas Chinese, culture of land reclamation and cultivation, the western cultures based on the background culture of Li nationality. This is the new form of Island culture that developed in Hainan's environment.