惠州市近40年前汛期暴雨的气候特征分析

利用NCEP/NCAR日平均再分析资料,以及MICAPS实况数据,对1971—2010年间发生在惠州市的前汛期暴雨个例进行系统的统计分析,主要结论有:惠州市各地暴雨分布存在明显的时间和空间不均的特征,暴雨日数龙门最多,惠阳最少;各地区6月份的暴雨日数占前汛期总暴雨日数的比重均较大,约占总日数的50%;暴雨日数和总降雨量均存在较明显的年代际变化特征,且近年来各站前汛期暴雨日数和降雨量均呈大振幅变化趋势;对发生在惠州前汛期的典型暴雨过程可大致分为3类:锋面低槽型暴雨、暖区型暴雨和热带气旋引起的暴雨。

Analysis on Climate Characteristics of Rainstorms in the Annually First Rain Season of Huizhou in the Past 40 years

Using the average daily reanalysis data of NCEP/NCAR and the observational data of MI- CAPS, the rainstorms of the annually first rain season are analyzed case by case from 1971 to 2010 and the main conclusions are as follows. There is an uneven spatial and temporal distribution of the rainstorms in Huizhou. The rainstorm days are the most in Longmen and the least in Huiyang and the rainstorm days in June take up a large proportion of the whole rain season, accounting for 50%. The rainstorm days and the total rainfall both have a remarkable decadal variation and large amplitude fluctuation. The typical rainstorm cases are divided into three types： frontal depression, warm sector and tropical cyclone.