2023年冬季海洋天气评述

2023年冬季（2023年12月—2024年2月）大气环流特征为：北半球极涡呈偶极型分布，中高纬度西风带呈3波型分布，西风带槽脊较常年同期偏强。西北太平洋和南海共生成1个热带气旋，比常年平均（1.53个）偏少0.53个。全球其他海域共生成12个热带气旋，比常年平均（15.33个）偏少3.33个。我国近海有8次8级以上大风过程，其中5次由冷空气产生，1次由温带气旋产生，2次由冷空气和入海温带气旋共同产生。我国近海出现7次明显的海雾过程，出现13次2.0 m以上的大浪过程。近海海面温度逐渐下降，并且北部海域的降温幅度大于南部海域。

Winter 2023 marine weather review

The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in winter 2023 (from December 2023 to February 2024) are as follows. The polar vortex is characterized by a dipole pattern in the Northern Hemisphere. The westerlies in middle and high latitudes present a three-wave mode, and the troughs and ridges in the westerlies are stronger than the historical average. One tropical cyclone is generated in western North Pacific and the South China Sea, which is 0.53 less than the annual average (1.53). A total of 12 tropical cyclones are formed in the world’s other oceans, 3.33 less than the multi-year average (15.33). There are 8 gale processes (above Beaufort wind force scale 8) over offshore areas of China, among which 5 are produced by cold air, one by extratropical cyclones, and two by cold air and extratropical cyclones. There are 7 obvious sea fog processes and 13 waves higher than 2.0 m over offshore areas of China. The offshore sea surface temperature gradually decreases, and the cooling in the northern seas is greater than that in the southern seas.