拟建大柳树灌区对生态环境的影响研究

生态安全是国家安全的重要组成部分, 是维系一个国家经济社会可持续发展的基础。大柳树灌区所在区域是全国的生态屏障, 生态环境的好坏影响着全国的安危, 作者分析了大柳树灌区对区域气候、大气质量、土壤有关生态过程和土壤养分迁移及土壤中甲烷的形成排放的影响, 并就其可能造成的土壤侵蚀和土地沙化, 对水量和水质的影响、对湿地的影响、次生盐渍化以及从人工生态系统与自然生态系统抗逆性的对比等方面对大柳树灌区的生态安全进行了评价。认为黄河大柳树水利枢纽工程的建设将会带来一系列生态灾难, 使本来已经十分脆弱的生态环境再次遭到人为破坏。为使该地区坚定不移地走可持续发展道路, 为国家宏观决策提供理论依据, 建立和完善环境与发展综合决策的机制, 建议该区应着重进行生态环境保护与发展草业。

Influence of the Establishment of Daliushu Irrigation Area in Planning on Ecological Environment

Ecological security is a vital and lasting important part of the national security and the fundament in sustaining a country's economy and society development. The region of the in-planning Daliushu irrigation area will be settled down is our country's ecological safety barrier and its ecological environment has a significant effect to the nation's security. This paper has analyzed the ecological effect of the Daliushu irrigation area's establishment on the local climate, the atmospheric quality, the ecological processes related to the soil properties, the migration of nutrition in the soil, and the formation and outlet of methane in the soil produced by the irrigated area. The present paper also has evaluated the ecological security of the Daliushu irrigated area against the possibility of soil erosion, land desertification, secondary salinization, and the influence on water quality and quantity as well as the swamp. Meanwhile, we have compared the competition ability of the artificial ecological system in the irrigated area to the natural one. The results reflected that the establishment of the Daliushu irrigation project at upper Yellow River will bring a series of ecological disaster and will intentionally destroy the quite fragile ecological environment again. In order to guarantee the region leading a steady and firm way to the road of sustainable development and provide a theoretic foundation to th e country's critical decision making, consequently, to establish and improve the synthetic decision mechanism of the environment and development, the investigation suggested that the region should emphatically protect the ecological environment and develop the grass based project.