鄂西北夏季对流云降水微物理过程数值模拟

为了深入研究对流云降水微物理过程特征，为局地对流降水预报和人工增雨提供更多的参考依据，利用三维双参数对流云模式，使用常规单站探空资料，开展湖北两北部山地夏季对流降水实例的批量数值模拟，使用地面降水量和雷达回波资料检验模拟效果，统计分析降水微物理过程特征，归纳总结冰相粒子的形成、增长机制，以及液念水和冰相粒子的相互转化机制。结果表明：（1）对流云模式能够较好地模拟实际对流降水的一些宏观微观特征；（2）当地夏季主要是对流冷云降水，冰相过程是形成降雨的主要物理过程；（3）冰相过程巾过冷水、霰、冰晶之间的相互转化过程是主要的冷云降水形成机制。

Numerical Simulation on Precipitation Microphysical Processes of Convective Cloud During Summer in Northwestern Hubei Province

A number of simulation activities are conducted through utilizing a 3-D and 2-parameter convective cloud model, which includes very detailed microphysical processes, in order to analyze characteristics in details of precipitation processes in convective cloud, of which the events often occur during summer in mountainous area of west-northern Hubei Province. This study is expected to enhance understanding of local convection precipitation forecast and rainfall augmentation. Based on the results of simulation, which are comparable to real amount of rainfall and features of radar echoes, warm and cold cloud mierophysical characteristics are analyzed and discussed such as vertical distribution natures of ice phase particles and super cool water, accretion mechanisms of graupel, ice crystal and etc. Finally, the main precipitation microphysieal mechanism of cold convective cloud is concluded.