Formula of incipient velocity for flooded vehicles |
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Authors: | Junqiang Xia Fang Yenn Teo Binliang Lin Roger A Falconer |
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Institution: | (1) State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, 430072 Wuhan, China;(2) Hydro-Environmental Research Centre, School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK |
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Abstract: | With the climate change caused by global warming, the occurrence probability of urban flooding due to flash floods has increased
gradually. Flush floods propagate rapidly, which can lead to significant hazard to human life and property. Flood hazard to
vehicles has become more noticeable and frequent in recent years. Therefore, it is important to investigate the behaviour
of vehicles on flooded streets or roads. In the current study, a formula has been derived to predict the incipient velocity
of flooded vehicles according to the mechanical condition of sliding equilibrium. A series of flume experiments were conducted
using three types of scaled die-cast model vehicles, with two scales being tested for each type of vehicle. The experimental
data obtained for the small-scale model vehicles were used to determine the two parameters in the derived formula, and the
prediction accuracy of this formula was validated using the experimental data obtained for the large-scale model vehicles.
Finally, the corresponding incipient velocities under various incoming depths were computed using this formula for these three
prototype vehicles. It is found that for a specified vehicle, the value of incipient velocity reaches its minimum as the incoming
flow depth approaches the height of the vehicle, and the smaller and lighter vehicle like Mini Cooper is the easiest to start
sliding in floodwaters. The results can be used as a preliminary assessment to define the hazard to vehicles parking on flooded
streets or roads. |
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