Compositional variations in manganese nodules collected from the North Penrhyn Basin |
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Authors: | Lin Zhenhong Li Xuelun D. S. Cronan R. A. Hodkinson |
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Affiliation: | (1) Ocean University of Qingdao, 266003 China;(2) Imperial College of Science and Technology, England |
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Abstract: | Manganese nodules collected from the North Penrhyn Basin are characterized by low content of Mn and Fe, medium content of Ni and Cu, and medium Mn/Fe ratios. The average content of Ni plus Co is 1.11%, maximum 1.89%. Ni content slightly exceeds the Cu content in the nodules. Ni and Cu are strongly correlated with Mn, whereas Co is strongly correlated with Fe. Nodules containing Ni+Cu+Co near or in excess of 1% are rich in Mn and have a high Mn/Fe ratio. Those with highest content of Ni+Cu+Co are concentrated at or near the carbonate compensation depth. Nodules metal contents vary with latitude and have a reciprocal relationship with abundance. Contents of Mn, Ni, Cu and Ni+Cu+Co are high in nodules found at 2–6°S and vary decreasingly toward 1°N and 12°S, whereas Co content varies increasingly from 2°S towards 12°S. Nodule compositional variations with latitude are controlled by biological productivity, carbonate compensation depth, sedimentation rate, and bottom current. |
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