滑坡作用下既有隧道锚索加固的物理模型试验与数值模拟研究

工程实践中有些隧道不可避免的需要穿越滑坡变形区，在后期地质演变作用及施工扰动荷载作用下原来没有明显变形的斜坡会出现较大变形，甚至发展成滑坡，对既有隧道结构产生不同程度的病害。国内外多数学者针对隧道开挖引起的滑坡体变形影响研究较多，针对滑坡体作用下既有隧道结构的受力变形及加固措施效果研究较少。为研究山体滑坡区域既有隧道锚索加固措施下的系统力学机制，首先建立地质力学模型试验，研究不同数量锚索加固后滑坡体与隧道结构的相互作用规律，并与无锚索加固措施工况进行对比，发现增加锚索加固后滑坡体沉降、隧道弯矩、滑坡体与隧道表面接触力明显减小，而不同数量加固锚索工况下上述观测值变化不大。此外，建立了相应工况的数值模型，与物理试验结果进行了对比得到较好一致性。研究成果可为山体滑坡区域隧道锚索加固方法改进提供一定的理论依据。

Physical model test and numerical simulation for anchor cable reinforcements of existing tunnel under action of landslide

Some tunnels are inevitably built to cross the landslide zone in actual engineering. Besides, under the action of late geological evolution and construction disturbance, the slope that has no obvious deformation or more stable slope will appear larger deformation and even develop into a landslide. Consequently, the landslide has negative effects on the tunnel structure. So tunnel structure will be affected and even be interrupted. At present, most scholars at home and abroad are focus on stress and deformation of landslide body caused by tunnel excavation. There are few studies on the force, deformation and reinforcement of existing tunnel structures under the action of landslide. In order to study the stress and deformation of the reinforcement measures of the existing tunnel cable in landslide mountain area, firstly we establish the geomechanical model test and study on the interaction between the landslide and the tunnel structure that with the reinforcement of the different number of anchors and compared with that without the reinforcement. Then, we use the numerical software to establish the model under the corresponding conditions, compared with the physical test results. It shows a good consistency. The results can provide a theoretical basis for the anchor cable reinforcements of the tunnel in the landslide mountain area.