金属矿山采矿推进与地表变形关系研究

分析金属矿山地下采矿引起的地表变形规律，可为地表变形扩展范围的预测与矿山安全生产提供指导。以程潮铁矿为例，对地下采矿情况的调查以及地表GPS、水准和三维激光扫描数据分析，探讨采空区周界变化与移动线和陷落线对应关系，采矿推进与沉降漏斗扩展之间关系，采矿推进与采空区上方及周边测点的变形规律。其结果表明，从2006−2017年间，随着西区–325、–342.5、–358、–375.5、–393 m水平采空区向不断向东移动，西区移动线和陷落线的扩展主要集中在西区东北部，东部和东南部；沉降漏斗东部有新的漏斗中心发育，沉降漏斗曲线逐渐呈2个漏斗中心的特点。采空区正上方测点变形受地下采矿推进直接控制，当开采测点正下方的矿体时测点变形会明显加速，而采空区周边测点，变形加速则受多种因素影响，并基于监测结果，分析了采空区上覆岩体崩落，通过建立采空区周边岩体力学模型，解释了测点变形规律，所得成果可为其他类似金属矿山提供参考。

Study of relationship between underground mining and surface deformation in metal mines

Analysis of surface deformation caused by underground mining in metal mines can provide guidance for the mine safety production and prediction of surface deformation. Taking Chengchao iron mine, Hubei province, in China, for example. Through the investigation of underground mining situations and the analysis of monitoring data by GPS, leveling and three-dimensional laser scanning. The relationship between the mined-out area and the movement and break lines, the relationship between underground mining and settlement funnel expansion and the relationship between underground mining and displacement of measuring points are discussed. The results show that the expansion of movement and break lines in the western mining area mainly concentrated in the northeast, east and southeast direction from the year of 2006 to 2017 due to the -325, -342.5, -358, -375.5 m and -393 m level mined-out area expand continuously to the east, and a new funnel center developed in the east of the settlement funnel, and the funnel curve of the settlement funnel gradually shows two funnel centers. The displacement of measuring point just above the mined-out area is directly controlled by the underground mining. When the orebody below the measuring points is explored, the deformation of the measuring points will be accelerated obviously. However, the displacement of measuring points in the vicinity of the mined-out is affected by many factors. Based on the monitoring results, the caving process of overlying rock masses is analyzed. However, the mechanical models of rock masses around the mined-out area are established, and the deformation law of monitoring points is explained. The results can provide references for other similar metal mines.