淮北平原砂姜黑土旱涝(渍)害与水土关系及作用机理

砂姜黑土是黄淮海平原三大低产土壤之一 ,有近 2 /3分布于淮北平原。该土壤自动调节水分的能力差 ,易旱 ,易涝 ,易渍 ,并且常常是这三种灾害交替发生。砂姜黑土的土壤特性对于该区农业的发展十分不利 ,使农作物产量长期低而不稳。为挖掘该土壤的生产潜力 ,促进中低产田的改造 ,本文就砂姜黑土的发育、区域特殊的环境条件 ,与旱涝渍害的形成关系机理进行了分析 ,在此基础上对该土壤的整治改造提出了可行性方案。

Function Mechanism Between the Drought and Waterlogging Disaster and the Soil-structure of the Shajiang Soil in Huaibei Plain

Shajiang soil is one of the soils that have low yield in Huanghuaihai Plain. The two thirds of the Shajiang soil of the plain locate in Huaibei plain. This kind of soil has a low ability of accommodating water automatically. It is prone to drought, water logging and these calamities often arise alternatively. This kind of soil hinders the development of the agriculture largely and makes a great difficulty for the prevention and cure of the nature disaster. In order to excavate the production potential of this region and make a great development of the agriculture, this paper discusses the form and the progress of the Shajiang soil and the characteristic of the soil structure. After analyzing the environment of the region, this paper discourses upon the function mechanism between the drought and water logging calamity and the soil structure of the Shajiang soil in Huaihe River valley. At the end of the paper the authors suggest some reasonable measures for the reclamation of the low-and-media-low yielding land and the elimination of the calamity.