基于卫星图像的北极冰间水道形态学特征分析

随着全球气候变暖,北极海冰面积逐渐减小,冰厚逐渐变薄,海冰在海浪的影响下会变得很脆弱,容易断裂形成裂缝,更易形成冰间水道,有助于北极航道的通航。同时,冰间水道是极地地区海洋与大气之间热量与动量交换的重要通道之一,因此在全球气候变暖的背景下,分析冰间水道的形态学特征,对于研究北极海区的动量和热量收支以及预测航道通航具有重要意义。文中利用Hilditch的冰间水道骨架技术,基于Landsat8的图像数据,分析了9月楚科奇海和波弗特海附近冰间水道倾角、长度和冰间水道距离等冰间水道的分布特征。结果表明,此时冰间水道倾角的分布集中在74°～114°之间,冰间水道长度和距离变化范围较大,分别在2～3 km和50～220 m之间。

Analysis of morphological characteristics of Arctic lead based on the satellite imageries

As global warming, the arctic sea ice area gradually decreases, and ice thickness thins. The more fragile sea ice influenced by the waves is in favour of the lead formation which contributes to the arctic passage navigation. Moreover, The lead is one of the most important channels through which the air and the sea exchange the heat and the momentum. Therefore, the analysis of the morphological characteristics of the lead is significant to research the momentum and heat balance in the Arctic and predict the navigation of the Arctic passage, under the global warming. The distribution characteristics of the lead orientation, lead length and the lead spacing near Chukchi and Beaufort Seas are analyzed in September based on Landsat8 imageries with the Hilditch skeleton method. We got that the distribution of the lead orientation is between 74° and 114°but the length and spacing of the lead vary greatly, ranging from 2 km to 3 km and from 50 m to 220 m, respectively. The lead length has more discrepancy among different images, than the spacing and the orientation.