虾海草的研究进展

虾海草属(Phyllospadix)共有五种,其中两种是西北太平洋沿岸的特有种,三种是东北太平洋沿岸的特有种。虾海草草床为鱼类提供产卵、育幼和索饵场所。然而,由于自然条件的变迁和人类活动的影响,几乎所有的虾海草草床都处于衰退状态,山东半岛沿岸曾经十分丰富的虾海草资源也几乎消失殆尽。目前,我国对虾海草的研究很少。以美国为主的学者对虾海草的三个美洲特有种进行了大量研究,而以日本和韩国为主的学者则对其中两个亚洲特有种进行了一些研究。本文通过查阅文献资料,对虾海草形态、生长、生理和繁殖等内容进行了综述,并对我国今后的研究方向进行了展望,旨在为我国今后开展虾海草的研究提供借鉴。

Advances in Studies on Surfgrasses in Genus Phyllospadix

The genus Phyllospadix contains five species,among them two species are endemic to the northwestern Pacific coast and three endemic to the northeastern Pacific coast.Phyllospadix sp.beds serve as spawning,nursing and feeding grounds for fish.However,due to the changes in the natural environments and intensification of human activities,nearly all the Phyllospadix beds have been declining.The ever-abundant Phyllospadix resources along the coast of Shandong Peninsula have disappeared mostly.Less studies have been carried out to investigate Phyllospadix sp.in China.Relatively extensive studies on the American endemic species are conducted mainly by Americans,and some on the Asian endemic species are conducted by Japanese and Koreans mainly.We viewed nearly all the papers documenting the studies on Phyllospadix and compared the morphology,growth,philosophy and reproduction of the species studied previously.We also predicted the studying trend on Phyllospadix sp.in the future in this paper.