冀东油田作业海区大风特征分析及气象信息应用研究

利用冀东油田作业海区2013年12月—2014年11月的观测数据,分析了东、西、南部海区的大风特征,对产生大风的天气形势作了分型,并针对风、浪的专业站点观测值和现场人工经验观测值之间的差异作了对比分析,提出了释用方法。结果表明:(1)南部海区年大风日数最多,约为150 d,西部海区最少,约为100 d;(2)大风的季节性分布整体呈两峰两谷的趋势,5、11月是大风日数最多的月份;(3)各海区大风风向均以NW、WNW和ENE、E为主导风向,呈现出非常明显的"极端化"分布;(4)低槽冷锋是产生大风日数最多的天气系统,约占所有个例的一半;(5)专业自动站观测的风力均比现场人工经验观测的风力小,可提高1～3个等级后用于实际作业,自动观测的浪高普遍比人工观测的浪高小,可通过增加修正值或使用线性关系式予以运用。

The characteristics of gale in the operation sea area of Jidong Oilfield and the application of meteorological information

Using the observation data in the Jidong Oilfield operation sea area from December 2013 to November 2014, the characteristics of gale in its eastern, western and southern regions are analyzed, and the weather conditions that generate gale are categorized. Meanwhile, comparison on the wind and wave values is made between station observations sand on-site manual observations, based on which an application and interpretation method is proposed. The results show that the gale occurs most frequently in the southern region with about 150 days a year, while it occurs least frequently in the west region with around 100 days a year. The seasonal distribution of gale presents two peaks and two troughs, and gale occurs most frequently in May and November. The wind direction of all sea areas is dominated by NW, WNW and ENE and E. The gale weather is mainly driven by low trough cold front, which account for nearly half of all cases. The wind power observed by professional automatic station is smaller than on-site manual observation. As a result, the station observation could be enlarged by 1-3 levels before applied to practical operation. The automatically observed wave height is generally smaller than that observed manually, and the data can be used by adding corrections or being linearized.