辽东湾西海岸潮间带大型底栖动物群落生态位特征

基于2014年9月和2015年4月辽东湾西海岸潮间带10个断面3个潮区的调查数据,对12个优势种的生活型、生态位宽度和生态位重叠度进行了分析,结果表明:12个优势种分别隶属于3门4纲12科;面上生活类群和面下生活类群的比值GS/GSB表现为春季秋季;秀丽织纹螺、日本大眼蟹和丽核螺的生态位宽度较宽(2.171、2.170和2.169),猫爪牡蛎和短角双眼钩虾的生态位宽度较窄(0.637和0.173);生态位重叠较为显著的种类有四组,均是生态位宽度较宽的物种。以上结果也从一个侧面反映了底栖生物对季节和生境的适应情况,由于季节变化和生境不同,使物种生态位宽度值发生了变化,从而影响物种之间的生态位重叠值。

Niche characteristics of macrobenthic community in the intertidal zone on the west coast of Liaodong Bay

Using the survey data of ten sections and three tidal zones in the intertidal zone on the west coast of Liaodong Bay in September 2014 and April 2015, we analyzed the life style, niche breadth, and niche overlap of twelve dominant species. Results showed that the twelve dominant species belonged to three phyla, four classes, and twelve families, respectively. The ratio GS/GSB of the upper and lower surfaces was spring > autumn. The niche breadths of Nassarius festivus, Macrophthalmus japonicus, and Mitrella bella were wider (2.171, 2.170, and 2.169, respectively), whereas those of Talonostrea talonata and Ampelisca brevicornis were narrower (0.637 and 0.173, respectively). Four groups of species had a significant niche overlap, all of which had a wide niche breadth. These results reflect the adaptation of benthic organisms to seasons and habitats. The niche breadth values of species have changed due to seasonal changes and different habitats, thereby affecting the niche overlap values among species.