杭州湾潮汐特征时空变化及原因分析

杭州湾是世界著名的强潮河口湾,一直是研究的热点。基于杭州湾口内外实测潮汐资料,对杭州湾潮汐特征及时空变化进行了系统分析,包括高潮位、低潮位、平均潮位、潮差、涨潮历时以及天文潮变化,同时分析了20世纪80年代以来潮汐特征变化的原因。结果表明:最近50年来,杭州湾年平均高潮位和海平面抬高,潮差增大;澉浦年平均低潮位抬高,涨潮历时缩短,浅海分潮增大;钱塘江河口治江缩窄是造成杭州湾潮汐变化的主要因素;浙江和邻近海域的涉海工程可能是造成浙江沿海海平面上升的主要原因之一。

Spatial and temporal variations of tide characteristics in Hangzhou Bay and cause analysis

Hangzhou Bay, a world-famous strong tide estuary, is always a hot spot of research. Based on the measured tidal data inside and outside the mouth of Hangzhou Bay, the tidal characteristics and their spatiotemporal variations in Hangzhou Bay were systematically analyzed, including high tide level, low tide level, mean tide level, tidal range, flood tide duration and astronomical tide. At the same time, the reasons for the change of tidal characteristics since 1980 s were analyzed. The results show that the average annual high tide level and sea level have risen, and tidal range has increased in Hangzhou Bay over the last 50 years. At Ganpu, the average annual low tide level has risen, the flood tide duration has been shortened, and the shallow water constituents have increased. The contracted river for regulation in Qiantang Estuary is the main factor causing the tidal change in the Hangzhou Bay. The coastal engineering in Zhejiang and adjacent waters may be one of the main causes of sea level rise along the coasts of Zhejiang Province.