黑潮大弯曲时期日本鲭幼体输运数值模拟研究

日本鲭是一种重要的经济鱼类，广泛分布于西北太平洋沿岸海域，其资源和补充很容易受到环境因素的影响，尤其是在鱼类的早期生活阶段，即卵和幼体阶段。本文建立了一个基于个体的模型（Individual-Based Model,IBM）用以研究典型大弯曲期间黑潮主流、周围环流以及中尺度涡对日本鲭早期生命活动的影响。数值模拟及研究结果表明：（1）在深度分布方面，大部分个体（鱼卵或仔稚鱼）位于75 m以浅水层中，只有少部分被垂直湍流带入更深的水域。（2）在产卵场和育幼场之间的连通性方面，3-5月来自主要产卵场的个体随黑潮主流进入黑潮延伸区的渔场；6月份，主要产卵场中的个体受到黑潮大弯曲东侧的小型冷涡的影响，该冷涡阻止了其进入黑潮延伸区的渔场，并留在纪伊半岛和伊豆群岛的沿海水域。在昼夜垂直迁移（Diel Vertical Migration,DVM）这一输运方式的影响下，停留在四国岛和纪伊半岛附近的个体数量增加，处于DVM输运方式下的个体受冷涡的影响更大，增加了在海洋表面漂流的时间，无法跟随黑潮主流输送到更远的育幼场。（3）在输送距离方面，90%以内的个体进行短距离到中距离输运，在DVM输运方式下，长距...

Numerical study on Scomber Aponicus larval transport in Kuroshio current during typical large meander period

As one of the important economic fishes, Scomber aponicus is widely distributed in the coastal waters of the northwest Pacific Ocean. Its resources and recruitment are easily affected by the fluctuation of environmental factors, especially in the early life stage of fish at the stage of eggs and larvae. An Individual-based model (IBM) model is established to study the influence of the Kuroshio mainstream and surrounding circulations and mesoscale eddies in the early life activities of Scomber aponicus in the Pacific during the typical large meander period. The experiment result shows: (1) Depth: Most of the particles are in the 75 m shallow water layer, with only a small part being carried by the vertical turbulence into deeper water. (2) Connectivity between the spawning ground and the nursery area: The particles from the main spawning ground enter the fishing ground of the Kuroshio extension area from March to May. But in June the particles in the main spawning ground were affected by the small cold vortex in the east side of the Kuroshio meander, which prevented them from entering the fishing grounds in the Kuroshio extension area at the end of the simulation, remained in the coastal waters of the Kii Peninsula and Izu Islands. In the case of Diel Vertical Migration (DVM), the number of particles staying near Shikoku Island and the Kii Peninsula increases, and the particles in the DVM transport state are more affected by the cold vortex, increasing the time spent moving across the ocean surface, unable to follow the mainstream of the Kuroshio to be transported to the farther nursery farm. (3) Transport distance: Particles within 90% are transported over short to medium distances, with significantly fewer particles being transported over long distance in the DVM case. By simulating the temporal and spatial positions of fish resource distribution in the early life stage, it can provide theoretical guidance for the protection of their eggs and larvae, and can more effectively stimulate their resource potential, which is of great significance and practical application value for the rational use and effective management of fish resources .