山区居民对气候变化及其影响与适应的感知分析——以玉龙雪山地区为例

通过问卷调查和访谈，揭示了青藏高原东南缘玉龙雪山地区居民对当地气候变化及其影响与适应的感知认识。结果表明：居民对玉龙雪山地区气候变化的感知强度与科学研究结果总体上具有很高的一致性。居民对气候变化对农业环境影响的感知不很强烈，认为气候变化并未影响到农作物长势和产量，但对气候变化导致农作物病虫害略有增加和作物生长期延长的感知却持较高赞同度。居民对气候变化及其适应的感知强度总体上与海拔高度相关显著，而对气候变化及其影响的感知则与年龄显著相关。气候变化已促使山区居民调整产业结构，发展低耗水农业经济，并积极参与山区旅游、外出打工，以弥补微薄的农业收入。同时，居民也期望政府能够给予他们一定的经济补偿，以弥补由于干旱和倒春寒等带来的经济损失。

Mountainous Residents’ Perceptions and Attitudes on Climate Change,Its Impacts and Adaptations-A Case Study of Mt. Yulong in Southeastern Tibetan Plateau

This paper explores residents’ perception and knowledge of local climate change and its impacts, and examines their attitudes to adapt to climate change impacts by means of a detailed questionnaires survey of 202 farm households in the Mt. Yulong region, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The results indicate that, overall, residents’ perception intensity of temperature, snow cover, glacier and phenophase changes is highly consistent with scientific research in the region. Residents’ perception intensity of climate change impacts on the agriculture system is not very strong, and the residents think that climate change does not affect crops’ growing and their yields, however, they hold a favorable opinion to crop pests’ increasing slightly and crop growth period’s extending. Residents’ perception intensity of climate change and its adaptation shows a significant correlation with elevation on the whole, yet their perception intensity of climate change and its impacts is significantly correlated with their ages. Climate change has already forced residents to adjust industrial structure, develop water-saving agriculture economy, participate actively in the mountain tourism, and work in cities in order to adapt to climate change and make up for meager farm income. At the same time, they also expect that the government can provide them some compensation and relief for the disasters (e.g. drought and late spring coldness).