特征差分法在水位推流上的应用

本文阐述了在符合明渠非恒定流一维定床条件的水文测站,应用变化的特征差分格式,将两断面实测水位过程线推算为流量过程线的原理、方法和应用实例,对理论推算的流量过程和实测流量过程进行了比较分析。从泗洪站和运河站的成果看出,推流和实测过程线基本吻合,精度较高。因此可以明显看出,应用本法推流,不但安全可靠,具有节约人力、物力等经济效益,还可提高测验精度、防止高洪期流量的错测、漏测,保证洪水资料的连续和完整。在湖泊水量平衡计算中,同样可以借助两组水尺获得的水位资料进行推流,无需设置专用流量站。

An application of characteristic difference method to the calculated discharge

This paper contributes the considerations,methods and illustrations of the calculated discharge computed with a variable characteristic difference method, if the condition of the hydrological station is conformed to the follows: unsteady flow in open channel with one dimensional stable riverbed ,then, the discharge hydrograph can be derived from the water level hydrograph actually measured from two sections. Comparative analysis of the theoretical computation of discharge hydrograph vs. actual one is also presented in this paper. Results obtained from Sihong and Yunhe Stations show that the calculated discharge is basically conformed with high precision to the actual measurements. The method presented here has the following merits: safe and reliable ,saving man-power and material resources ,high measuring precision ,avoiding missing records and making mistakes in high flood period so as to ensure the flood data to be continuous and complete. The method can also be adopted for lakes in their water balance computations by employing twogroups of gauges without any special discharge measurement station.