攀枝花短时强降水气候特征分析

利用攀枝花市1988~2010年5~10月的逐时降水资料,对各历时各级强降水的时空分布特征进行了分析,利用皮尔逊-Ⅲ型频率分布函数,计算了攀枝花市4站1h、3h和6h各重现期的极端最大降水量。结果表明:各级强降水主要集中在6~9月,以7月为最多,且日变化特征显著,最容易出现在00~05时。1h、3h、6h的最大降水量均出现在盐边,盐边和市区更容易发生1h≥50mm的极端强降水。短时强降水过程具有非常强的局地性,单站过程高达80%,且雨强越大局地性越强。各历时各重现期的极端最大降水量均以盐边为最大。 

Climate Characteristics Analysis of Short-term Strong Precipitation in Panzhihua

Based on the hourly precipitation data in may to October of PanZhiHua from 1988 to 2010,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the strong precipitation at all levels and durations are analyzed.Using the Pearson-Ⅲ type frequency distribution function,the paper calculated the extreme maximum precipitation in the return period in 1 hours,3 hours and 6 hours of all four station.The results show that strong precipitation at all levels which have significant daily variation characteristics are mainly concentrated in June,September and July for the most,and they most easy to appear at 00 to 05.The biggest precipitation in 1 hours,3 hours and 6 hours all appear in Yanbian station,Yanbian and Panzhihua station are more likely to appear extreme strong precipitation with 1 hour rainfall≥50 mm.Short-term strong precipitation process has significant local characteristic,single station process reaches as high as 80%,and the raininess is stronger always companying with more significant local characteristic.The Yanbian station has the biggest extreme maximum precipitation in all durations and return periods.