aAstronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences, 251 65 Ondřejov, Czech Republic
bAstronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences, Boční II 1401, 141 31 Praha 4, Czech Republic
Abstract:
An analytically derived distribution function of reflected and accelerated electrons at a nearly perpendicular shock is presented. Then this distribution in a simplified form is introduced into a 1.5-D relativistic electromagnetic particle-in-cell (PIC) model and a generation of waves is studied. Numerical modeling shows not only a generation of Langmuir and high-frequency electromagnetic waves as expected, but also an efficient generation of whistler waves. Their role in emission processes of type II solar radio bursts is discussed.