Observed trends of climate and land cover changes in Lake Baikal basin |
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| Authors: | Batsuren Dorjsuren Denghua Yan Hao Wang Sonomdagva Chonokhuu Altanbold Enkhbold Davaadorj Davaasuren Abel Girma Asaminew Abiyu Lanshu Jing Mohammed Gedefaw |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR),Beijing,China;3.Water Resources Department,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR),Beijing,China;4.Department of Environment and Forest Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences,National University of Mongolia,Ulaanbaatar,Mongolia;5.Department of Geography, School of Art and Sciences,National University of Mongolia,Ulaanbaatar,Mongolia;6.College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan,China |
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| Abstract: | Land cover and vegetation in Lake Baikal basin (LBB) are considered to be highly susceptible to climate change. However, there is less information on the change trends in both climate and land cover in LBB and thus less understanding of the watershed sensitivity and adaptability to climate change. Here we identified the spatial and temporal patterns of changes in climate (from 1979 to 2016), land cover, and vegetation (from 2000 to 2010) in the LBB. During the past 40 years, there was a little increase in precipitation while air temperature has increased by 1.4 °C. During the past 10 years, land cover has changed significantly. Herein grassland, water bodies, permanent snow, and ice decreased by 485.40 km2, 161.55 km2 and 2.83 km2, respectively. However, forest and wetland increased by 111.40 km2 and 202.90 km2, respectively. About 83.67 km2 area of water bodies has been converted into the wetland. Also, there was a significant change in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the NDVI maximum value was 1 in 2000, decreased to 0.9 in 2010. Evidently, it was in the mountainous areas and in the river basin that the vegetation shifted. Our findings have implications for predicting the safety of water resources and water eco-environment in LBB under global change. |
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