Forms and sources of place attachment: Evidence from two protected areas |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave. Urbana, IL, 61801, USA;2. Department of Coaching, Kyunghee University, South Korea;3. Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Laboratory, Texas A&M University, USA;4. University of Arkansas System, Division of Agriculture, USA;5. Division of Fish and Wildlife, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, USA;6. Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Finland;1. Frostburg State University, 268 Cordts Center, Frostburg, MD 21532, USA;2. University of Florida, PO Box 118208, Gainesville, FL 32611-8208, USA;1. University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom;2. Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Cis-IUL, Lisboa, Portugal;1. Department of Management, Marketing & Entrepreneurship, University of Canterbury, New Zealand;2. Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. Griffith Institute for Tourism, (GIFT) Griffith University, Australia;4. Southern Cross University, Australia;1. University of Vermont, Department of Community Development and Applied Economics, Morrill 208E, 146 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA;2. Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Public Policy, D.M. Smith Building Room 300, 685 Cherry St., Atlanta, GA 30332-0345, USA;3. University at Buffalo (SUNY), Department of Geography, 105 Wilkeson Quad, Buffalo, NY 14261, USA;4. Department of Environmental Studies, SUNY Environmental Science and Forestry, 114 Marshall Hall, 1 Forestry Dr. Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;5. University of Illinois, Department of Geography, 220 Davenport Hall, 607 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA |
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| Abstract: | Sense of place is a widely researched concept that has been used to describe and analyze people–place relationships. However, there is no consensus regarding the forms of place attachment, the relative importance of the sources for such attachments, or the spatial extent of place formation. The purpose of the paper is to contribute case examples of sense of place for significant natural areas, thereby adding to the body of evidence that explicates the diverse sources and forms of place attachment. Using content analysis of qualitative stakeholder interviews, we identify these dimensions of place attachment for two nationally significant Australian natural areas. Our data support a tripartite structure for sense of place comprising affective, functional and cognitive forms of attachment. We also examine the extent to which these place attachments are localized on the study sites and/or spatially generalized across sites possessing the same sources of place formation. Our case studies provide evidence for both localized and generalized senses of place. Localized place attachments had affective and functional components, respectively founded on social and biophysical sources. Generalized senses of place comprised functional and cognitive components, with appreciation of historical values of these places key to the formation of the latter. Our results indicate the spatial diversity of place attachments for protected areas and their social, cultural and biophysical sources. |
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| Keywords: | Sense of place Place attachment Emotional attachment Functional attachment Cognitive attachment Protected areas |
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