Transport and retention of microparticles in packed sand columns at low and intermediate ionic strengths: experiments and mathematical modeling |
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Authors: | A Tiraferri T Tosco Rajandrea Sethi |
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Institution: | (1) Dipartimento di Ingegneria del Territorio, dell’Ambiente e delle Geotecnologie (DITAG), Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy;(2) Present address: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA |
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Abstract: | Functional relationships correlating particle filtration coefficients and porewater ionic strength are herein proposed and
validated, based on deposition experiments of micrometer-sized particles onto siliceous sand. Experiments were conducted using
one-dimensional laboratory columns and stable monodisperse aqueous suspensions of negatively charged latex particles with
a mean size of 1.90 μm. The role of ionic strength was systematically investigated and six different monovalent salt concentrations
(1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300 mM) were employed by addition of sodium chloride to the aqueous solution. A mathematical advection–dispersion-deposition
transport model was adopted assuming that attachment and detachment of particles in the porous medium are concurrent mechanisms
of particle filtration, and including a Langmuir-type blocking function to account for availability in deposition sites. The
system of equations modeling colloid transport was solved numerically. Attachment rate and detachment rate coefficients were
thereby determined for each employed ionic strength, as well as a blocking coefficient in the form of a maximum particle concentration
in the solid phase. Therefore, functional relationships expressing the dependence of these coefficients on ionic strength
were proposed, based on literature findings and present experimental observations. The existence of a critical salt deposition
concentration (and release concentration) separating a favorable attachment (and detachment) regime from an unfavorable condition
is assumed. In respect to the blocking coefficient, a power–law dependence on ionic strength is hypothesized. The proposed
functional relationships proved adequate to reproduce the coefficient trends extrapolated from data fitting by the transport
model. They may represent a powerful tool to describe and predict microparticle mobility in saturated porous media if embedded
a priori in the related mathematical transport models. |
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