市场经济条件下黄土高原建设方针的调整

本文对黄土高原现有建设方针进行反思，认为它所导致的黄土高原封闭，产业结构单一等现实使其已不能适应市场经济的需要。

ADJUSTMENT OF THE CONSTRUCTION GUIDING PRINCIPLE FOR THE LOESS PLATEAU UNDER MARKET-ORIENTED ECONOMY

Construction guiding principles are made for the purpose of harmonizing the economic activities with the environment in the regions where both poverty and environmental prob lems exist, such as on the loess plateau. Most of these principles for the different regions in China were made under planned economy (before 1985), and as a result of the reform in China, many of the principles should be adjusted for suiting to the developing market oriented economy, otherwise, they must turn to be unrealistic.The construction guiding principle for the loess plateau was formed in early 1980s, it focuses on the control of soil erosion and the rational development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in the light of different local conditions. Practices under this princi ple have yielded some good results in the construction of the plateau. However, some shortages which are unsuitable for the new situations are found when the principle is now assessed under the market-oriented economy: (1) It leads the plateau into a relative se cluding state. The poor communication conditions separate the plateau from outside, the backwardness of the plateau has grown to be a restriction to the development of the sur rounding valley areas; (2) It has resulted in a single-product industrial pattern in this area and the natural resources are not utilized rationally; (3) The existing problems of e cology and economy show that the principle can not provide the ideal solutions. Therefore,principle adjustment is of great necessity. It is pointed out that the regional development should be aimed at in making the new guiding principle based on a rational exploitation of natural resources, which has been ne glected in this region for a long time and proved to be the only way for the plateau to suit the market-oriented economy at present. The concrete adjustments are to develop the idea of market-oriented economy and enhance the managment, reaise the utilization bene fits of land resources, enhance the development of the secondary and tertiary industries,and improve the local communication conditions.