广西白龙半岛邻近海域污损生物群落结构分析

2011年12月-2012年11月,在广西白龙半岛邻近海域进行周年污损生物挂板试验,共记录到污损生物60种,以亚热带暖水种为主,其中优势种类有河蜾蠃蜚Corophium acherusicum、钩虾Gammarus sp.、网纹藤壶Amphibalanus reticulatus、翡翠贻贝Perna viridis、华美盘管虫Hydroides elegans、太平洋侧花海葵Anthopleura nigrescens、冠瘤海鞘Styela canopus、凸壳肌蛤Musculus senhousia和多齿围沙蚕Perinereis nuntia。全年均有生物附着,四季平均附着密度和附着湿质量分别为45 136个/m2和4 246.03g/m2,其中以秋季附着密度最高,达到153 514个/m2,春季附着湿质量最大,为9 418.42g/m2。污损生物群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和Margalef物种丰富度指数(d)均以夏季最高,冬季最低。丰度/生物量比较法结果表明,冬季、秋季、下半年和周年板上的污损生物群落结构不够稳定。

The study on community structure of marine fouling in the waters off Bailong Peninsula,Guangxi

An annual panel investigation on marine fouling organisms in the waters off Bailong Peninsula was conducted from December 2011 to November 2012. A total of 60 species were identified and the dominant species were Corophium acherusicum, Gammarus sp., Amphibalanus reticulates, Perna viridis, Hydroides elegans, Anthopleura nigrescens, Styela canopus, Musculus senhousia, Perinereis nuntia. The fouling organisms were mainly composed of subtropical and warm water affinities and the settlements occurred through the year, the average abundance and biomass on the seasonal test panel were 45 136 ind/m2 and 4 246.03 g/m2. The highest seasonal abundance and biomass were 153 514 ind/m2 in autumn and 9 418.42 g/m2 in spring. The Shannon-Wiener index, Pielous evenness index and Margalef species richness of the community structure of fouling organisms on seasonal test panels were the highest in summer and lowest in winter. The results of ABC showed that community structures of fouling organisms on winter, autumn, second half year and annual test panels were not stable.