四维地震资料处理及其关键

四维地震利用时延三维地震资料的差异来解释地下储层流体的变化，时延地震资料的差异除了受地下储层流体因素的影响外，还受采集和处理因素的影响。为了尽可能的减少或消除由非储层因素所引起的差异，四维地震资料处理总的要求是相对振幅保持处理，高信噪比处理和一致性处理，一致性处理是四维地震资料特有的处理，其一般处理原则是：（１）调查影响四维地震资料非穗生的原因；（２）保持处理流程的一致性；（３）尽量保持相同的偏移

4D SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING AND ITS KEY

4D seismic data is interpreted based on the diffence of time-lapse seismic data. Thedifference of time--lapse seismic data also results from the seismic acquisition and processtug except from the changes the fluids whithin underground reservoirs. In order to reduce or eliminate the difference from acquisition and processing, it is required that 4Dseismic data having higher relative amplitude remaining, higher ratio of signal and noiseand repcatibility. Repeatibility has a spedal position in 4D seismic data processing and itsprocessing principles are as follows: investigating the reasons of non--repeatibility in 4Dseismic data. equivalent processing flows. the same having offset distant andcoverage. carefully selecting processing nows. selecting reasonable processingmodule. crosscqualization. zero--time repeatibility test. The further understandingfor the general principles is obtained by analysing the data processing flows from threegUide tests in some oilfields. Finally, it is pointed that the key to processing time--lapseseismic data is crossequalizating.