2015—2019年辽宁省暴雨红色预警信号分布及其特征

利用2015—2019年辽宁省发布的暴雨红色预警信号和1605个自动站的分钟级降水资料，统计暴雨红色预警信号和短时大暴雨年际变化和时空分布，分析暴雨红色预警信号的高分布区、易发时段。结果表明：2015—2017年辽宁省暴雨红色预警信号发布站数逐年递增，最大值出现在2017年，发布站数为147个；2015—2018年预警信号准确率提升，提前时间略减少，最低值为2018年，提前时间为19 min；2019年比2018年暴雨红色预警信号发布站数减少59个，提前时间增加29 min；暴雨红色预警信号的空间分布为东南部地区多、中部地区少；暴雨红色预警信号多在夜间发布；在辽宁省发布的50%以上的暴雨红色预警信号中，降水量达到预警发布标准的时间滞后于最大雨强出现时间90 min，最大雨强出现时间为暴雨红色预警信号发布的重要指标。为了达到防灾减灾的服务效果，发布暴雨红色预警信号时，应充分考虑最大雨强出现时间、发布时机、短时大暴雨高发区及地形的影响。

Characteristic analysis of red rainstorm warning signals from2015 to 2019 in Liaoning province

Using the information of the red rainstorm warning signals and the minute-level precipitation observation data of 1605 automatic stations in Liaoning province from 2015 to 2019,the inter-annual variation characteristics and spatio-temporal distribution of the red rainstorm warning signals and the short-term heavy rainstorm are counted.Furthermore,the centralized area and time of the red rainstorm warning signals are analyzed.The results showed that the number of red rainstorm warning signals from 2015 to 2017 has increased year by year,with a maximum of 147 in 2017.The advance time of red rainstorm warning signals has little decreased for the improvement of accuracy,with the minimum value of 19 minutes in 2018.The number of warning signals issued in 2019 has 59 less than in 2018,the advance time increases 29 minutes.The frequency of the red rainstorm warning signals is high in the southeast and low in the central areas.Statistics also show that the red rainstorm warning signals are mostly issued at night.In more than 50%of the cases,the time when the accumulated rainfall meets the issuing requirements of the red rainstorm warning signal is 90 minutes after the time with the maximum rainfall intensity.So,the occurrence time of the maximum rainfall intensity is an important indication for the issuing of the red rainstorm warning signal.To improve the surface effect on disaster prevention and mitigation,when considering the issuing of red rainstorm warning signals,the occurring time of the maximum rainfall intensity,the issuing time,the high-incidence area and the geography should be considered carefully.