日本盘鲍×皱纹盘鲍子代杂种优势的RAPD分析

本文通过对日本盘鲍 (D)、皱纹盘鲍 (H)及其二者的正反杂交子代 D♀× H♂ (DH)、D♂× H♀ (HD)四样本的基因组 DNA进行 RAPD标记分析。探讨了杂种优势产生的分子遗传机制。从 4 0个随机引物 (OPK,OPV系列 )中筛选出 12个引物进行扩增 ,共得到 113条清晰稳定的扩增带 ,多态率占 4 3.3%。其中四群体各有其特异扩增位点。另外 D与 DH,H与 HD及 D与 DH,HD等间亦存在共享片段。四群体内相似性指数各自为 0 .798(H)、0 .799(D)、0 .777(HD)、0 .788(DH)。可见正反杂交子代群体内相似性指数皆低于两亲本 ,这表明杂种子代基因组发生的变异更大些。皱纹盘鲍与其正反杂交子代的相对遗传距离分别为 0 .0 76 ,0 .0 95,而日本盘鲍与其正反杂交子代的相对遗传距离分别为 0 .0 31,0 .0 33,前者明显大于后者 ,这表明杂交子代与两亲本的遗传距离不是对等的 ,而是更偏向日本盘鲍。

RAPD Analysis of the Genetic Change in Parent Abalone and Their Hybrids

To study the heterosis of Haliotis discus discus(D) and H.discus hannai Ino ,the genome of D,H and their reciprocal hybrids(DH,HD)were analyzed with the RAPD method. Twelve random primers (selected from forty primers of OPK series and OPV series) were used to amplify the genomic DNA of these four kind of abalone, 113 bands were produced and the frequency of polymorphism accoutered for 43.3%. There were special bands in each kind of abalone and common bands between two and three kinds of abalone. The inter-population similarity indexes were 0.798(H), 0.799(D), 0.776(HD) and 0.788(DH) respectively, which showed greater variation in the kinds of hybrids. And the genetic distance was 0.076 between H and HD and was 0.095 between H and DH, while it was 0.031 between D and DH and 0.033 between D and HD, which indicated that the genetic distances were not equal between the hybrids and the two parents, but were more simiar to Haliotis discus discus.