区域规划评估理论与方法研究进展

区域规划作为统筹区域资源,协调区域发展的重要手段日益受到重视。而实际上,区域规划在实施阶段却面临困境,已经确定的规划在实施过程中不断被修改甚至瓦解。规划在发挥更大作用的同时,也受到更多的批评。这是由于规划及其实施是一个长期过程,充满了种种不确定性因素的影响。为了使规划达到最佳效能,必须时刻结合实际情况对规划进行评估,从而不断对规划产生反馈,进行必要调整。因此,规划评估是确保区域规划有效实施的必要环节,不仅在宏观意义上有助于区域规划社会地位的建立和巩固,还有助于理解既有规划的不足,了解失效的原因,对区域规划的有效推进无疑具有现实意义。然而当前区域规划评估的研究与应用相对滞后。基于此,本文在回顾国内外规划评估大量研究文献的基础上,指出区域规划评估经历了从“当作终极蓝图的规划编制成果”到“整个决策到实施的过程”的转向,同时结合评估价值观的演变归纳了当前最为流行的评估方法,以及影响规划实施效果的因素,并对今后的研究提出了设想。

A Literature Review of Progress in Regional Plan Assessment Theory and Methodology

Regional planning has been increasingly regarded as an important way to manage regional resources and coordinate regional development.Practically,regional planning is in face of severe challenges in its implementation stage.Plans are always revised or even collapsed during the actual implementation process.Presently the work of planning is attracting more and more concerns,as well as criticisms.One of the reasons that planning fails in implementation lies in the reason that planning is,by nature,a long-term procedure,which involves a lot of uncertainties.Plans should be evaluated according to the real situation to generate feedbacks and carry out necessary adjustments,so that plans could achieve their best efficiency.Therefore,evaluation is considered as an indispensable process that can ensure the plans will be implemented successfully.Evaluation is not only necessary for building up and stabilizing the social status of regional planning,bu also helpful for understanding the defects and the failure of plans so that evaluation would practically promote the progress of planning in the future.However,research and application of evaluation falls behind regional planning presently.This paper,by reviewing a large amount of past literatures,advocates that the evaluation of regional planning is experiencing the shift from "planning outcome as blueprint" to "the process of planning decision and implementation".The paper also summaried the most popular evaluation methods and issues affecting plan implementation based on the evolution of evaluation theories,and proposed ideas for future studies.