四川省县域乡村地域功能类型识别及乡村振兴路径研究

乡村振兴战略背景下，中国乡村进入转型发展的关键阶段，探索不同地域类型的乡村振兴具体路径具有重要意义。以四川省为例，构建县域乡村地域功能评价指标体系，研究县域经济发展、粮食生产、社会保障和生态保育功能的空间差异，识别各县域主导功能和短板功能，探索各类型区差异化的乡村振兴路径。结果表明：1）四川省乡村地域功能空间格局分异特征明显。经济发展功能和社会保障功能的地带性规律基本一致，均呈现由川东南向川西北逐渐减弱的分异格局，粮食生产功能在成都平原经济区和攀西安宁河流域的空间集聚特征明显，生态保育功能则呈现由川东南向川西北逐渐增强态势。2）以主导功能和短板功能为划分原则，将四川省划分为主导发展型、极化发展型和综合发展型三大类，并根据不同地域类型提出乡村振兴的实施路径：主导发展型应优先发挥主导功能，同时整合协调其他功能，带动乡村振兴全面发展；极化发展型在发挥其优势功能的同时需补齐短板，实现基本均衡发展；综合发展型依托现有基础，实现产业再升级，促进产城融合，成为四川省乡村振兴发展引领示范区。

The Identification of County-Level Rural Territorial Function Types and Research on Rural Revitalization Path in Sichuan Province

TAbstract: The rapid development of the economy and society and the coordinated advancement of industrialization and urbanization have led to the intensification of the man-land contradiction. It requires the use of spatial multi-functionality to maximize the value of regional space, promote the diversification of social needs, and help rural areas meet multi-functional needs. Correct identification of rural regional functions is an important way to implement the strategy of rural revitalization and comprehensively deepen rural reform. Taking Sichuan Province as the research subject, we constructed a multi-functional evaluation index system for rural areas from four perspectives, that is, economic development, food production, social security, and ecological protection. We used the comprehensive evaluation method to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of various functions, and the vertical and horizontal comparison method to identify the dominant function and short board function, and the regional types were divided accordingly. In cognizance of the five major economic zones in Sichuan Province, this paper puts forward corresponding rural revitalization paths of various regional types to provide a benchmark for the implementation of a rural revitalization strategy in Sichuan Province. A clear spatial pattern differentiation of the rural regional function in Sichuan Province was noted. The regional characteristics of the economic development function and the social security function are the same, showing a gradual weakening differentiation pattern from southeast to northwest Sichuan. The spatial agglomeration characteristics of the grain production function in the Chengdu Plain Economic Zone and the Anning River Basin in Panxi are obvious, and the ecological conservation function is gradually enhanced from southeast to northwest Sichuan. Via the identification of the dominant function and the short board function, we divided Sichuan Province into three categories: dominant development type, polarization development type, and comprehensive development type. Among them, the dominant development type and the polarization development type were divided into nine sub-categories according to their characteristics. The specific implementation paths of rural revitalization are proposed according to different regional types, in which the dominant development type gives priority to playing the dominant function while integrating and coordinating other functions to promote comprehensive rural revitalization development. While giving full play to its advantages, the polarization development type complements the shortcomings and achieves basic balanced development. Based on the existing foundation, the comprehensive development model realizes industrial upgrading and becomes the leading means of demonstration of rural revitalization and development in Sichuan Province. The main contribution of this paper is therefore the consolidation of the convergence of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. The dominant function and short board function are used to classify the regional functions of rural areas in Sichuan Province. The division results are consistent with the regional differentiation of nature and economy in Sichuan Province from different perspectives. The development path of rural revitalization provided decision-making reference for this regional type.