石家庄城市土壤重金属空间分布特征及源解析

文章对石家庄市土壤重金属含量水平进行了研究,通过采集的220个城市土壤样品,分析了Al2O3、As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn等8个元素。结果表明,与土壤背景值相比,石家庄市土壤中除As和Al2O3外的重金属含量总体明显升高。采用相关分析和主成分分析,对土壤重金属元素来源进行解析,认为有3种主要来源:一是Cu、Zn、Pb与人类的工业生产、汽车尾气排放有关。二是Ni、Cr、Cd除与工业生产有关外,还与燃煤活动排放有关。三是As、Al2O3主要与土壤母质有关(自然来源)。石家庄城市土壤的重金属含量高值区与工业区域、交通分布相吻合。

A study of the spatial distribution and source of heavy metals in urban soil in Shijiazhuang City

Two hundred and twenty topsoil samples were collected successively in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province. All topsoil samples were analyzed for concentrations of Al₂O₃, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. The results indicated that, compared with the background values of soil in China, metal concentrations of topsoil have increased on the whole, except those of As and Al₂O₃ in Shijiazhuang City. Correlation coefficient analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed and three main sources were identified: (1) Pb, Zn and Cu are mainly derived from industrial production and traffic exhaust; (2) Ni, Cr and Cd are probably related not only to industrial production but also to coal combustion; (3) Al₂O₃ and As are mainly derived from soil parent material. High concentrations of heavy metals in topsoil are consistent with the distribution of industrial areas and traffic distribution.