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Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls and brominated flame retardants in sediments from riverine and coastal waters of Surabaya, Indonesia |
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| Authors: | Muhammad Ilyas Agus Sudaryanto Iwan Eka Setiawan Tomohiko Isobe Shin Takahashi |
| Institution: | a Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan b Senior Research Fellow Center, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan c Technology Center for Marine Survey, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Jl. M.H. Thamrin 8, Jakarta, Indonesia |
| Abstract: | A total of 33 surficial sediments from riverine and coastal waters from Surabaya, Indonesia were analyzed for PCBs and BFRs. Concentrations of PCBs (62 congeners), PBDEs (14 congeners) and HBCDs (3 isomers) varied from <DL-420, <DL-35 and <DL-5.4 ng g−1 dw, respectively. Higher concentrations of these compounds were found in riverine than coastal sediments. Their levels and distribution were influenced by proximity to the point sources and TOC. The predominant congeners were CB-153, -28, -138, -149, -180, -33 and BDE-209, -207, -206, -197, -196, -183, -99, -47 for PCBs and PBDEs, respectively, and γ-isomer for HBCDs. Debromination of BDE-209 might be taking place producing lower toxic congeners in sediment. Levels of PCBs in riverine sediments were comparable with some polluted areas worldwide, but PBDEs and HBCDs were lower. Hazard assessment of PCBs indicated possible toxic potential, particularly in areas close to point sources. |
| Keywords: | Sediment Polychlorinated biphenyls Polybrominated diphenyl ethers Hexabromocyclododecanes Surabaya Indonesia |
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