Controls on the East Asian monsoon during the last glacial cycle,based on comparison between Hulu Cave and polar ice-core records |
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| Authors: | E.J. Rohling Q.S. Liu A.P. Roberts J.D. Stanford S.O. Rasmussen P.L. Langen M. Siddall |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;2. Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Erlachstrasse 9a, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;3. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador;4. Laboratorio de Ecología Acuática, Departamento de Recursos Hídricos y Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador;5. Subgerencia de Gestión Ambiental, Empresa Pública Municipal de Telecomunicaciones, Agua potable, Alcantarillado y Saneamiento (ETAPA EP), Cuenca, Ecuador;6. Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;7. Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Bazynskiego 4, 80309 Gdansk, Poland;1. College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China;2. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China;3. Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;4. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an 710049, China;1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, University of Pisa, Via S. Maria 53, 56126 Pisa, Italy;2. Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 49a, 50674 Cologne, Germany;3. Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse IGG-CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy;4. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia INGV, Via della Faggiola 32, 56126 Pisa, Italy;5. School of Geography, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;6. EDYTEM, UMR CNRS 5204, Université de Savoie-Mont Blanc, 73376 Le Bourget du Lac cedex, France;7. School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;8. School of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Previous studies have suggested a sound chronological correlation between the Hulu Cave record (East Asian monsoon) and Greenland ice-core records, which implies a dominant control of northern hemisphere climate processes on monsoon intensity. We present an objective, straightforward statistical evaluation that challenges this generally accepted paradigm for sub-orbital variability. We propose a more flexible, global interpretation, which takes into account a broad range of variability in the signal structures in the Hulu Cave and polar ice-core records, rather than a limited number of major transitions. Our analysis employs the layer-counted Greenland Ice-Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05), which was developed for Greenland records and has since been applied – via methane synchronisation – to the high-resolution δ18Oice series from EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML). The GICC05 chronology allows these ice-core records to be compared to the U–Th dated Hulu Cave record within relatively narrow (～3%) bounds of age uncertainty. Following previous suggestions, our proposed interpretation suggests that the East Asian monsoon is influenced by a combination of northern hemisphere ‘pull’ (which is more intense during boreal warm periods), and southern hemisphere ‘push’ (which is more intense monsoon during austral cold periods). Our analysis strongly suggests a dominant control on millennial-scale monsoon variability by southern hemisphere climate changes during glacial times when the monsoon is weak overall, and control by northern hemisphere climate changes during deglacial and interglacial times when the monsoon is strong. The deduced temporally variable relationship with southern hemisphere climate records offers a statistically more plausible reason for the apparent coincidence of major East Asian monsoon transitions with northern hemisphere (Dansgaard–Oeschger, DO) climate events during glacial times, than the traditional a priori interpretation of strict northern hemisphere control. |
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