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Measurement of the group velocity of light in sea water at the ANTARES site |
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| Institution: | a Institut d’Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC) - Universitat Politècnica de València. C/ Paranimf 1, 46730 Gandia, Spain b CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France c GRPHE - Institut universitaire de technologie de Colmar, 34 rue du Grillenbreit, BP 50568, 68008 Colmar, France d Technical University of Catalonia, Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Rambla Exposició, 08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona, Spain e INFN - Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy f Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany g Direction des Sciences de la Matière - Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l’Univers - Service d’Electronique des Détecteurs et d’Informatique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France h Nikhef, Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands i APC - Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie, UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris 7 Diderot, CEA, Observatoire de Paris) 10, rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France j LAM - Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, Pôle de l’Étoile Site de Château-Gombert, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 38, 13388 Marseille Cedex 13, France k INFN - Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti-Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy l Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy m INFN - Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy n IFIC - Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Edificios Investigación de Paterna, CSIC - Universitat de València, Apdo. de Correos 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain o INFN - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy p Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università La Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy q Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France r Géoazur - Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS/INSU, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, BP 48, 06235 Villefranche-sur-mer, France s INFN - Sezione di Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy t COM - Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille, CNRS/INSU et Université de la Méditerranée, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 901, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France u INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy v Univ Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France w Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI), University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands x Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy y Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ ’t Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands z Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte and ECAP, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Sternwartstr. 7, 96049 Bamberg, Germany aa Universiteit Utrecht, Faculteit Betawetenschappen, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands ab Universiteit van Amsterdam, Instituut voor Hoge-Energie Fysika, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands ac Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Leninskie gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia ad INFN - Sezione di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy ae Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia dell’Università, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy af Direction des Sciences de la Matière - Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l’Univers - Service de Physique des Particules, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France ag Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK ah DPNC, Université de Genève, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 24, 1211 Genève, Switzerland ai Institute for Space Sciences, R-77125 Bucharest, M?gurele, Romania aj IPHC-Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien - Université de Strasbourg et CNRS/IN2P3 23 rue du Loess, BP 28, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France ak ITEP - Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, B. Cheremushkinskaya 25, 117218 Moscow, Russia al Dipartimento di Fisica dell’Università, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy |
| Abstract: | The group velocity of light has been measured at eight different wavelengths between 385 nm and 532 nm in the Mediterranean Sea at a depth of about 2.2 km with the ANTARES optical beacon systems. A parametrisation of the dependence of the refractive index on wavelength based on the salinity, pressure and temperature of the sea water at the ANTARES site is in good agreement with these measurements. |
| Keywords: | ANTARES Neutrino telescope Optical beacon system Velocity of light Refractive index |
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