Finite-difference modelling of magnetotelluric fields in two-dimensional anisotropic media

An algorithm for the numerical modelling of magnetotelluric fields in 2-D generally anisotropic block structures is presented. Electrical properties of the individual homogeneous blocks are described by an arbitrary symmetric and positive-definite conductivity tensor. The problem leads to a coupled system of partial differential equations for the strike-parallel components of the electromagnetic field. E _x, and H _x These equations are numerically approximated by the finite-difference (FD) method, making use of the integro-interpolation approach. As the magnetic component H _x, is constant in the non-conductive air, only equations for the electric mode are approximated within the air layer. The system of linear difference equations, resulting from the FD approximation, can be arranged in such a way that its matrix is symmetric and band-limited, and can be solved, for not too large models, by Gaussian elimination. The algorithm is applied to model situations which demonstrate some non-trivial phenomena caused by electrical anisotropy. In particular, the effect of 2-D anisotropy on the relation between magnetotelluric impedances and induction arrows is studied in detail.