基于GIS技术的城市地震应急能力研究

研究以绵阳市为例，选取城市人口密度、固定应急避难场所服务区范围、派出所服务区范围、医院服务区范围、消防队服务区范围及重大危险源爆炸范围等6项基本因子，利用GIS技术和层次分析法（AHP）对城市地震灾后应急能力进行研究。得到的绵阳市地震灾后应急能力主要结论有2个。（1）处于中低灾害应对能力的区域占总研究区面积的60.28%，表明:绵阳市二环路内整体灾害应急能力偏低，防灾减灾风险较大。（2）灾后应急能力较弱的地区主要为园艺山片区、南河片区、小枧片区以及二环路东西沿线。研究成果可为绵阳市制定城市专项防灾规划提供指导和建议，研究分析方法亦可为国内其他城市的防灾研究提供借鉴。

GIS-supported research on urban earthquake emergency response capacity

Using GIS and AHP method, disaster response capacity could be studied. Six factors have been chosen in this research, including density of population, service area of emergency shelter, service area of police station, service area of hospital, service area of fire station and explosion range of hazardous products warehouse. Outcomes can be listed as follows:(1) The area with medium and low capacity of disaster response accounted for 60.28%, which means more than half of research area is in a comparatively high risk level of urban disaster prevention and mitigation from the overall perspective. (2) From the visual image, districts with comparatively low capacity of disaster response are Yuanyishan district, Nanhe district, Science City district, Xiaojian district, west section of second ring road and east section of second ring road. This GIS-supported research on urban earthquake emergency response capacity of Mianyang city could provide precise and intuitionistic guidance and suggestion for urban disaster prevention planning. Analytic procedure could be adopted by other cities in China and this research could expand research area of urban disaster response capacity.