中原地区晚全新世以来的环境变化

本文利用丰富的历史资料和树木年轮资料,恢复了我国中原地区晚全新世2000余年以来的环境变化,建立了2200余年的降水变化序列。划分了晚全新世以来本地区的干湿和冷暖期。受晚全新世以来的季风环流的影响,本地区环境变化的基本模式是暖湿与冷干对应。然而,在小冰期时期特别是17世纪下半叶以后,这种模式有所改变,即冷湿对应。其主要原因作者认为有二:一是小冰期时期天气系统超常不稳定,这是由于地球气候系统的内外因素改变造成的;二是小冰期时夏季风锋面南移至中原一带,增加了本地区的降水。最后还讨论了晚全新世以来本地区季风变化的过程、机制以及它们所带来的环境变化。并提出了未来环境变化的可能趋向。

ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES OVER THE LAST 2200 YEARS IN CENTRAL NORTH CHINA

Based on abundant historical documents and tree rings, we carried on the evolution of late Holocene environments in Central North China, and the precipitation and temperature se-ries for the last 2200 years have been reconstructed. We also throw light on the cool-warm, wet-drought periodic and rapid climatic changes in Late Holocene. Due to the advance and retreat of the summer monsoon, the model of environmental changes of this region, indicated that the warm and wet came together, but as an exception, there was a phenomenon that the cold accompanied with the wet in the late Little Ice Age. This abnormality was caused mainly by the high instability of climate during the Little Ice Age. Finally, we discussed the mechani-sm of environmental changes over the last 2 200 years in Central North China and the inter-nal and external causes of climatic changes at different time scales.