2017年中国大陆PM2.5浓度时空分布特征分析

利用我国366个环境质量监测站的逐时观测资料,统计分析中国区域2017年PM_2.5浓度的变化情况,绘制其时空分布图。研究结果表明:(1)2017年年均PM_2.5浓度最大为和田地区,浓度为133μg/m3,年均PM_2.5浓度最小为云南迪庆,浓度为10μg/m3,,其极值分布大致呈现南低北高,西低东高的趋势。(2)根据年平均值,日平均值最大值,最小值以及其差值的时空分布情况,PM_2.5质量浓度相对较大的地区为华北与东北部分地区,少部分位于华中地区,相对较小的区域为西北,西南以及东南沿海地区。(3)PM_2.5质量浓度的季节性变化趋势大致为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季,其中新疆、西藏等地PM_2.5质量浓度变化受季节变化影响相对较大,华南及沿海地区受季节变化影响相对较小。 

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Atmospheric PM2.5 Concentration of China in 2017

Using the hourly observation data of 366 environmental quality monitoring stations in China,the variation and distribution characteristics of PM_2.5 concentration of China in 2017 were statistically analyzed.The results show that:(1) The average annual PM_2.5 concentration in 2017 is 133μg/m3,the minimum value is 10μg/m3 in Hetian,the range of maximum is from 21μg/m3 to 1266 μg/m3,and the minimum value of the PM_2.5 concentration difference is 19 μg/m3,the maximum value of the difference is 1248 μg/m3.(2) According to the annual average,the maximum and minimum of daily mean values,the spatial and temporal distribution of the difference,the areas with relatively high PM_2.5 mass concentration are in parts of North China、northeast China,and a few are in Central China.The areas of lower value are northwest,southwest and southeastern coastal areas.(3) The seasonal variation of PM_2.5 concentration is roughly winter> autumn> spring> summer;The variations of PM_2.5 concentration in Xinjiang and Tibet are largely affected by seasonal changes,the southern China and coastal areas are seldom affected by seasonal changes.