Analysis of Conditions of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Transformations in Seawater and Simulation of This Process in Aniva Bay

Simulation methods are used to study the self-purification capacity of water from Aniva Bay before the construction on the coast of the bay of the world's largest liquefied natural gas plant and oil loading terminals for ships with a displacement of 100 000 t or more. The calculations are made by using a hydro-ecological model and long-term data on Aniva Bay oceanography. Its water area was divided into five areas, and for these areas, we determined the hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics, evaluated fluxes through their boundaries, estimated petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) loads, and calculated the annual dynamics of their concentrations and the biomasses of oil-oxidizing bacteria. PHC balances for the five water areas and Aniva Bay as a whole were calculated. PHC consumption by oil-oxidizing bacteria is the most important process of PHC transformation. The discrepancy of the estimated PHC balance in Aniva Bay was found to equal 2.61%, which is within the calculation accuracy.