艾比湖流域气候变化及其径流响应

利用艾比湖流域5个气象站45年的气温降水资料,分析了艾比湖流域的气候变化特征。在近45年当中,艾比湖流城的气候发生了显著的变化,主要表现在气温的升高和降雨量的增加。艾比湖流城气候变化对区城水文水资源的影响主要表现在:1)近45年来艾比湖流域气温存在着明显变暖的总趋势,尤其以20世纪90年代最为明显。气候变暖具有明显的季节性差异,主要是在冬季,而春季变暖的趋势较为缓慢;2)近45年来艾比湖流域降水量呈现增多趋势,尤其是进入20世纪90年代后期,降水量明显偏多,其中夏半年降水量增长趋势率要高于冬半年降水量增长趋势率;3)艾比湖流域主要河流年径流的多年变化不大,总体上博尔塔拉河下游径流量呈减少趋势,而精河径流量呈上升趋势。博尔塔拉河下游地表径流对博乐站年降水量有正响应,精河地表径流对精河水文年降水量有正响应;4)变暖也造成了河湖水质的不断恶化,艾比湖和河流下游水体的矿化度逐年升高,水体化学类型由碳酸盐型向碳酸盐—硫酸盐型再向硫酸盐—氯化物型过渡。

Climatic Variation and Runoff Response in Ebinur Lake Catchment

The climatic variation characteristics in Ebinur lake catchment were analyzed by using the temperature and precipitation data of 5 typical meteorological stations in past 45 years.The climate in Ebinur lake catchment changed significantly in past 45 years,especially with increasing temperature and rainfall.The author got the conclusions that: 1)The temperature in Ebinur lake catchment turns warmer and the calefacient degree in winter is higher than in spring.2)The precipitation in Ebinur lake catchment has ...