黑龙江省闪电活动特征及其与地面相对湿度的响应关系

利用2006-2017年黑龙江省闪电定位资料和日平均地面相对湿度资料，采用数理统计、Pearson相关分析、GIS空间分析技术，研究了闪电密度和强度对地面相对湿度（R_H）的响应关系。结果表明：地面R_H过小或过大都不利于闪电活动产生；当R_H < 25%时，几乎无闪电发生，当R_H < 77%时，R_H增加有利于闪电活动发生，当R_H>79%时，随着R_H增加，闪电活动减少；当R_H < 77%时，闪电密度与之呈正相关，闪电强度与之呈负相关；当R_H>79%时，闪电密度与之呈负相关，闪电强度与之呈正相关；地面R_H的临界值域约为77%-79%；70%≤ R_H ≤ 90%区间为闪电易发湿度区间，在闪电密度与湿度相关度高的区域，闪电更趋于集中发生在闪电易发湿度区间。

Characteristics of lightning activity and its response to the surface relative humidity in Heilongjiang province

The lightning location and daily mean surface relative humidity (R_H) data in Heilongjiang province during 2006-2017 were used to analyze the relationships between the density and intensity of lightning and R_H based on mathematical statistics, Pearson correlation analysis and GIS spatial analysis methods.The results indicate that the smaller or larger R_H is disadvantageous to the generation of lightning activity.Specifically, the lightning hardly occurs if R_H is less than 25%, and it is gradually easily triggered with the increase of R_H between 25% and 77%.However, the lightning is decreasing with the increase of R_H if the latter is larger than 79%.In addition, R_H less than 77% has positive and negative correlation with density and intensity of lighting, respectively.Inversely, R_H larger than 79% shows negative and positive correlation with density and intensity of lighting, respectively.The threshold of R_H is between 77% and 79%.The interval of 70%-90% is the lightning-prone R_H, where the lightning density is closely related to R_H and the lightning tends to occur in clusters.