参苓白术散加减对脾虚湿困型鼻鼽豚鼠模型的调节机制研究

目的：观察参苓白术散加减对脾虚湿困型鼻鼽豚鼠模型的治疗效果。方法：选取30只SPF级豚鼠，采用卵蛋白致敏法制备变应性鼻炎模型，采用零度水交替动物油灌胃联合水中站立制备脾虚湿困模型。造模成功后将其随机分为模型组（0.9%氯化钠注射液，4 mL/只）、西药治疗组（氯雷他定，1 mL/0.1 kg）、中药治疗组（参苓白术散加减，1 mL/0.1 kg），每组各10只。另选10只作为空白对照组（0.9%氯化钠注射液，4 mL/只）。分组干预后通过行为学观察、苏木精-伊红染色法(HE)和酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)评价各组豚鼠的症状、鼻黏膜组织形态学、鼻黏膜相关因子［嗜酸粒细胞趋化因子（Eotaxin）、髓磷脂碱性蛋白(MBP)及白细胞介素-4（IL-4）］及血清相关因子［IL-4、白细胞介素-5(IL-5) 及白细胞介素-17(IL-17) ］水平。结果：造模后，与空白对照组相比，模型组显示出显著的变应性鼻炎症状和组织学损伤，鼻黏膜Eotaxin、MBP及IL-4水平升高（P＜0.05），血清IL-4、IL-5 及IL-17水平升高（P＜0.05）。与模型组比较，西药对照组及中药治疗组在行为学评分和组织形态学上均明显改善，鼻黏膜Eotaxin、MBP、IL-4水平及血清IL-4、IL-5、IL-17水平均明显下降（P＜0.05）。结论：参苓白术散加减对脾虚湿困型豚鼠鼻黏膜结构紊乱有明显的改善作用，可减轻鼻黏膜的炎症反应，表明参苓白术散加减对变应性鼻炎有显著的治疗作用，但其确切机制尚需进一步研究。

Regulatory mechanism of modified Shenling Baizhu powder on a guinea pig model of allergic rhinitis with dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency

Objective：To investigate the therapeutic effect of modified Shenling Baizhu powder on a guinea pig model of allergic rhinitis with dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency.Methods：A total of 30 specific pathogen-free guinea pigs were selected，and the method of ovalbumin sensitization was used to establish a model of allergic rhinitis，while alternate intragastric administration of zero-degree water and animal oil combined with standing in water were performed to establish a model of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency.After successful modeling，the guinea pigs were randomly divided into model group (0.9% sodium chloride injection，4 mL per guinea pig)，Western medicine treatment group (loratadine，1 mL/0.1 kg)，and traditional Chinese medicine treatment group (modified Shenling Baizhu powder，1 mL/0.1 kg)，with 10 guinea pigs in each group.Another 10 guinea pigs were selected as blank control group (0.9% sodium chloride injection，4 mL per guinea pig）.After the corresponding intervention，behavioral observation，HE staining，and ELISA were used to assess the symptoms of guinea pigs in each group，the histomorphology of nasal mucosa，and the levels of nasal mucosa-related factors ［Eotaxin，myelin basic protein (MBP)，and interleukin-4 (IL-4)］ and serum factors ［IL-4，interleukin-5 (IL-5)，and interleukin-17 (IL-17)］.Results：Compared with the blank control group，the model group showed marked symptoms and histological injury of allergic rhinitis，as well as significant increases in the levels of Eotaxin，MBP，and IL-4 in nasal mucosa and the serum levels of IL-4，IL-5，and IL-17 (P＜0.05）.Compared with the model group，the Western medicine treatment group and the traditional Chinese medicine treatment group had significant improvements in behavioral score and histomorphology and significant reductions in the levels of Eotaxin，MBP，and IL-4 in nasal mucosa and the serum levels of IL-4，IL-5，and IL-17 (P＜0.05）.Conclusion：Modified Shenling Baizhu powder can significantly improve the disordered structure of nasal mucosa and alleviate inflammatory response in nasal mucosa in guinea pigs with dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency，suggesting that modified Shenling Baizhu powder has a marked therapeutic effect on allergic rhinitis，but further studies are needed to clarify its exact mechanism.