A multi-criteria evaluation system for marine litter pollution based on statistical analyses of OSPAR beach litter monitoring time series |
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| Institution: | 1. Leibniz-Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestrasse 15, D-18119 Rostock, Germany;2. Klaipeda University, Marine Research Institute, Herkus Mantas str. 84, LT-92294 Klaipeda, Lithuania;1. Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy;2. Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), BIO-CIT, Via dei Mille, 46, 98057 Milazzo, ME, Italy;3. Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), BIO-CIT, Lungomare Cristoforo Colombo n. 4521 (ex complesso Roosevelt) Località Addaura, 90149 Palermo, Italy;4. Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), BIO-HBT, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144 Rome, Italy;5. Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Via Auguste Piccard, 54, 34151 Trieste, Italy;6. IFREMER, ZI Furiani, 20600 Bastia, France;1. Federal Institute of Paraná (IFPR), Paranaguá Campus, Environmental Studies Department Department, Antônio Carlos Rodrigues St. 453, 83215-750 Paranaguá, Paraná, Brazil;2. University of São Paulo (USP), Department of Biological Oceanography, Oceanographic Institute (IOUSP), Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | During the last decades, marine pollution with anthropogenic litter has become a worldwide major environmental concern. Standardized monitoring of litter since 2001 on 78 beaches selected within the framework of the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR) has been used to identify temporal trends of marine litter. Based on statistical analyses of this dataset a two-part multi-criteria evaluation system for beach litter pollution of the North-East Atlantic and the North Sea is proposed. Canonical correlation analyses, linear regression analyses, and non-parametric analyses of variance were used to identify different temporal trends. A classification of beaches was derived from cluster analyses and served to define different states of beach quality according to abundances of 17 input variables. The evaluation system is easily applicable and relies on the above-mentioned classification and on significant temporal trends implied by significant rank correlations. |
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| Keywords: | Marine litter Canonical correlation analysis Temporal trend Cluster analysis Classification system Beach evaluation |
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