Quasar–galaxy associations revisited |
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Authors: | N. Bení tez,&dagger ,J. L. Sanz, E. Martí nez-Gonzá lez |
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Affiliation: | Astronomy Department, University of California Berkeley, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley CA 94704, USA;IFCA (CSIC-UC), Avenida de Los Castros s/n 39001, Santander, Spain |
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Abstract: | Gravitational lensing predicts an enhancement of the density of bright, distant quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) around foreground galaxies. We measure this QSO–galaxy correlation w qg for two complete samples of radio-loud quasars, the southern 1 Jy and half-Jansky samples. The existence of a positive correlation between quasars and galaxies is confirmed at a per cent significance level (>99.9 per cent if previous measurements on the northern hemisphere are included). A comparison with the results obtained for incomplete quasar catalogues (e.g. the Veron-Cetty and Veron compilation) suggests the existence of an 'identification bias', which spuriously increases the estimated amplitude of w qg for incomplete samples. This effect may explain many of the surprisingly strong quasar–galaxy associations found in the literature. Nevertheless, the value of w qg that we measure in our complete catalogues is still considerably higher than the predictions from weak lensing. We consider two effects which could help to explain this discrepancy: galactic dust extinction and strong lensing. |
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Keywords: | gravitational lensing catalogues quasars: general |
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