High-resolution simulations of particulate matter emitted by different agriculture tillage under different weather conditions in California,USA |
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Authors: | Lijuan Wen Jiming Jin Michael D Wojcik |
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Institution: | (1) Departments of Watershed Sciences and Plants, Soils, and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA;(2) Energy Dynamics Laboratory, 1695 North Research Park Way, North Logan, UT 84341, USA |
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Abstract: | Agriculture tillage can result in the high concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less
(PM10) that can cause serious health problems. To understand how different agriculture tillage methods and wind conditions affect
the transmission and distribution of PM10, four model runs were performed using the high resolution Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with a chemistry
component (WRF-Chem). In these runs, the observed emission rates under the conventional and combined tillage methods and different
wind speeds were inputted into WRF-Chem. The simulated results show that the WRF-Chem model can reasonably capture the meteorological
conditions at 500 m horizontal resolution over an agricultural field in California. The atmospheric concentration of particulate
matter increases significantly with an increase in the emission area. Substantial reduction, 50%, of aerosolized PM10 dust emissions can be achieved by using combined tillage, when considered under the same meteorological conditions when compared
to that caused by the conventional tillage method. Using the same conventional tillage emission rates, the lower velocity
wind produces larger airborne concentrations of pollutants than does a stronger wind. Conversely, a stronger wind distributes
the particulate matter over a larger area though with a diminished concentration when compared to a weaker wind. The atmospheric
concentration of particulate matter was found to have a direct relationship to its emission intensity and area and wind conditions. |
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