我国干旱地区一次直升机自然结冰试飞天气个例分析

2018年3月17日、27日,国产某型直升机在新疆五家渠地区成功完成2架次自然结冰试飞。利用NCEP/NCAR的1°×1°再分析资料、机测液态水含量资料结合常规气象资料,对2次结冰天气过程的天气环流形势、动力热力特征、液态水含量进行分析。结果表明:17日在高空冷涡、地面冷锋前的环流形势下,试飞高度层位于冷暖平流交汇处,温度为0～-4℃,比湿值为3～3.5 g/kg,处于强水汽辐合中心,并伴有弱上升运动,Ic积冰指数为20～30,云中液态水含量波动较大,飞机挂架上形成<0.5 cm厚度的凇冰。27日在高空槽前和地面冷锋后的环流形势下,试飞高度层在弱冷平流中心附近,温度为0～-2℃,比湿值接近4.5 g/kg,处于弱水汽辐合中心边缘,伴有弱上升运动,Ic积冰指数为30～40,云中液态水含量稳定,飞机挂架上形成1～2 cm厚度的明冰。在气象保障中运用探空、云图、雷达、微波辐射计等资料有效预报了积冰区域及高度。

Analysis of meteorological conditions on the domestic helicopter natural icing flight test

On March 17 and 27, 2018, a domestic helicopter successfully completed two natural icing flight tests in the Wujiaqu area of ??Xinjiang. In this paper, the large scale circulation, the mesoscale dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics and the liquid water content of the two icing weather process are analyzed by using the conventional meteorological data and the 1°×1° reanalysis data of the NCEP/NCAR. The results show that: on March 17th, Affected by high altitude cold vortex and cold front, the test flight layer is on the side of cold advection where the cold and warm advection meet, the temperature is between 0~-4°C, and the specific humidity is 3~3.5g/k, in the strong water vapor convergence center, with the weak upward movement, Ic index between 20 and 30, the liquid water content varies greatly, less than 0.5cm smog ice formed on the pylon. On March 27th, affected by high altitude troughs and cold fronts, the test flight layer is near the weakly cold advection center, the temperature is between 0~-2°C, and the specific humidity is close to 4.5 g/kg, which is in the weak water vapor At the edge of the joint center, with the weak upward movement, the Ic index is between 30 and 40, the liquid water content is stable, and the 1~2 cm clear ice formed on the pylon. To use of soundings, cloud maps, radars, microwave radiometer, and other data to effectively predict icing area and altitude in weather forecast.