湖泊富营养化模型的研究现状与发展趋势

生态模型是湖泊富营养化研究和湖泊生态系统管理的重要手段。20世纪60年代起,湖泊富营养化模型的发展经历了从单层、单室、单成分、零维的简单模型到多层、多室、多成分、三维的复杂模型。根据复杂性特征将湖泊富营养化模型分为:简单的回归模型、简单的营养物平衡模型、复杂的水质、生态、水动力综合模型和生态结构动力学模型,总结了其发展历史和主要特征;在此基础上,讨论了湖泊富营养化模型的存在问题和发展趋势。

Current situation and development trends in lake eutrophication models

The ecological models play very important roles in lake eutrophication research and ecosystem management.Most of the eutrophication models have been developed since the 1960s when the eutrophication of lakes around the world drew the attention of environmentalists.Since that time,the models have evolvedfrom comparatively simple,single-layer,single-segment,single-constitute,and zero-dimension models to complex,multi-layer,multi-segment,multi-constitute,and three-dimensional models.Based on four categories of the eutrophication models,namely,very simple regression models,simple nutrient budget models,complex water quality-ecological-hydrodynamic models and structural dynamic models,the paper analyses the development and characteristics of these models and discusses the existing problems and development trends in the lake eutrophication models.